English Hold: Compound and Complex Sentences

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<b><u><span style="color: #7030a0; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Compound and Complex</span></u></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #7030a0; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 115%;">              <u>Sentences<o:p></o:p></u></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Compound Sentences<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">            </span></b><span style="color: red; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In a Compound Sentence we
see that there are two or more Co-ordinate clauses and more than one finite
Verb as in,</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ‘The sun
rises in the east and sets in the west’. If we say, ‘Rain was falling’, it is
also a Simple Sentence, but if we join them together by the conjunction ‘and’
to form one sentence, ‘A cold wind was blowing and rain was falling’, it will
become a Compound Sentence. If we pay attention to this Sentence, we come to
know that each clause is a Principal clause as none of them depends on the other.
We can say that a Sentence is like a family and different clauses in it are
like different family members.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">            These two clauses have been joined
by a coordinative Conjunction. Sometimes, specially in poetry, sentences are
connected not by any Co-ordinative Conjunction, but merely by co-ordination of
sense or by unity of construction called ‘Collateral’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">            The way was long; the wind was cold;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">            The minstrel was in firm and cold;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The harp, his sole remaining joy;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Was carried by an orphan boy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Complex Sentences<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A complex Sentence has a Principal Clause with one or more
subordinate Clauses. It is a sentence which has one or more main clauses which
depend Subordinate Clauses. For example, in the sentence, ‘She eats less so
that she may become thin’, there are two Finite Verbs ‘eats’ and “may become”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">So it is not simple sentence because it has two clauses ‘She
eats less’ and ‘so that she may become thin’. The first clause that is, ‘She
eats less’ makes a complete sense as an independent clause. It is called Principal,
Independent or main clause of the sentence because it has its own independent
meanings. The other clause ‘so that she may become thin’, can’t give
independent meanings of its own. It, in fact, depends upon or is sub-ordinate
to the first clause. Thus it is called “Dependent” or “Subordinate”</span><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">clause. In
this way when we say that the sentence, ‘She eats less so that she may become
thin’, is a Complex Sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Examples<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Only
one question is not enough to show whether he is intelligent or not.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
student is so weak in English that he can’t even pass.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We
walked very fast, so that we could catch the train.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Compound and Complex Sentences

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